Criminal Records Terminology

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ADJUDICATION WITHHELD – An entry of a plea of guilt placing a defendant on probation, the successful completion of which will prevent entry of the underlying judgment of conviction.

ASSAULT – The threat or use of force on another that causes that person to have a reasonable apprehension of imminent harmful or offensive contact. Commonly, any attack.

BATTERY - The use of force against another, resulting in harmful or offensive contact.

CIVIL SEARCH – This is a county level search providing any civil action or claims filed against a subject.

CONVERSION – The wrongful possession or disposition of another’s property as if it were one’s own; an act or series of acts of willful interference, without lawful justification, with an item of property in a manner inconsistent with another’s right, whereby that other person is deprived of the use and possession of the property.

CRIMINAL CONTEMPT – An act that obstructs justice or attacks the integrity of the court. A criminal contempt proceeding is punitive in nature. The purpose of criminal contempt proceedings is to punish repeated or aggravated failure to comply with a court order.

DIVERSION – A program that refers certain criminal defendants before trial to community programs on job training, education, and the like, which if successfully completed may lead to the dismissal of charges. Also termed pretrial diversion; pretrial intervention.

FELONY – A serious crime usually punishable by imprisonment for one year or more dependent upon the nature of the crime and specific state laws.

FEDERAL DISTRICT COURT SEARCH –This is a search providing civil or criminal offenses filed within the Federal Court system.

FORFEITURE - The loss of property, usually money, due to a violation of civil law, for example, a traffic regulation or municipal ordinance violation.

HIT – A felony, misdemeanor, traffic, or violation case reported on a subject’s profile.

INFRACTION – A violation, usually of a rule or local ordinance and usually not punishable by incarceration.

MINOR MISDEMEANOR – A minor offense punishable by a small fine and no jail time.

MISDEMEANOR – A crime that is less serious than a felony and is usually punishable by fine, penalty, forfeiture, or confinement (usually for a brief term) in a place other than prison such as a county jail.

SKIP TRACE – An electronic national search providing names and addresses associated with a social security number in the past seven years.

THEFT – The taking and removing of another’s personal property with the intent of depriving the true owner; larceny. Broadly, any act or instance of stealing.

 

Portions of information obtained from:
Garner, Bryan A. (1999). Black’s Law Dictionary, 8th Edition. St. Paul, MN, Thomson West Publishing.

 

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